The Thompson Machine Pistol, also called the “Tommy Gun,” is one of the most famous firearms in history. It was created in the early 1900s and became well-known during Prohibition, when gangsters used it. But what makes this gun so iconic? Beyond its role in history, the Thompson Machine Pistol is still relevant today for gun enthusiasts, collectors, and firearm experts.

This article will explain how the Thompson Machine Pistol works, its features, and how it compares to other guns. By the end, you’ll understand why this firearm remains a symbol of power and history.

History & Development of the Thompson Machine Pistol

Origins & Invention

The Thompson Machine Pistol was created by General John T. Thompson in 1919. Thompson, an Army officer, wanted to design a gun that could be used in close combat. It was meant to help soldiers fight in trenches during World War I. This idea led to the creation of the Thompson Submachine Gun, a powerful automatic weapon chambered in .45 ACP.

Evolution Over Time

Though it was originally made for the military, the Thompson Machine Pistol became famous during the Prohibition era of the 1920s. Criminals like Al Capone used it for its high rate of fire and stopping power. Over time, the design was updated, and the Thompson remained in use by both law enforcement and military forces.

Comparison with the Thompson Submachine Gun

The Thompson Machine Pistol is similar to the larger Thompson Submachine Gun, but it’s smaller and designed for personal use. It has a shorter barrel and a more compact design, making it easier to carry in close combat situations.

Features & Specifications

Caliber & Ammunition

The Thompson Machine Pistol is most commonly chambered in .45 ACP, a round known for its powerful stopping power. The .45 ACP cartridge has a slow velocity, which makes it better at transferring energy to the target, causing more damage.

Rate of Fire & Performance

The Thompson Machine Pistol has an impressive rate of fire it can shoot between 600 and 1,000 rounds per minute. This rapid fire is perfect for close combat, but it can also cause heavy recoil and muzzle climb. The gun is most accurate at short distances, usually within 50 yards.

Size & Weight

At 10.5 pounds (4.8 kg), the Thompson Machine Pistol is heavier than most modern handguns. However, it is compact compared to the larger Thompson Submachine Gun, making it easier to carry in tight spaces, though it’s still somewhat cumbersome for extended use.

Magazines & Capacity

The Thompson Machine Pistol can use two types of magazines: drum magazines and stick magazines. Drum magazines can hold 50 to 100 rounds, while stick magazines typically hold 20 to 30 rounds. Drum magazines offer more firepower but are bulkier, while stick magazines are more compact but hold fewer rounds.

How the Thompson Machine Pistol Works

Blowback-Operated Firing System

The Thompson Machine Pistol uses a blowback-operated system. This means that the energy from the bullet’s explosion pushes the bolt backward to reload the next round. It also uses an open bolt design, which means the bolt stays at the back until you pull the trigger. When you pull the trigger, the bolt moves forward, fires a round, and reloads the next one.

Trigger Mechanism & Safety Features

The trigger mechanism on the Thompson Machine Pistol allows for both semi-automatic and fully automatic firing modes. A switch on the gun lets the shooter choose between the two modes. It also has a manual safety to prevent accidental firing when not in use.

Recoil & Muzzle Climb

The Thompson’s high recoil and muzzle climb can make it tough to control, especially for beginners. Because of its fast rate of fire, the muzzle can rise with each shot, making it less accurate at long range compared to modern submachine guns.

Advantages & Drawbacks

Pros

• High Firepower & Stopping Power: The .45 ACP round is strong, making the Thompson effective in close-quarters combat.
• Iconic Design & Collectability: Its link to history and its classic look make it a popular item for collectors.
• Versatility: It’s good for tight, close combat thanks to its compact size and rapid fire rate.

Cons

• Heavy & Bulky: Weighing about 10.5 pounds, the Thompson is heavy and difficult to carry for long periods.
• High Recoil: Its recoil can make it hard to aim accurately, especially at long distances.
• Expensive & Rare: Thompson Machine Pistols are costly and can be difficult to find, especially for those looking for an original model.

Compares to Other Machine Pistols & SMGs

Comparison with the Uzi & MAC-10

When compared to modern submachine guns like the Uzi or MAC-10, the Thompson Machine Pistol is heavier and harder to control. Both the Uzi and MAC-10 are smaller and have less recoil, which makes them easier to handle. They also have a faster rate of fire and better accuracy at medium ranges.

Modern Alternatives

Today, submachine guns like the MP5 or P90 have replaced the Thompson Machine Pistol in military and tactical use. These newer models offer better control, higher accuracy, and more advanced features.

Collectibility & Historical Value

Even though modern guns have outperformed the Thompson, its historical value and collectibility keep it in high demand. For many gun collectors, the Thompson Machine Pistol is a symbol of the early days of automatic firearms.

 

If you’re interested in improving your firearm handling skills, training with modern pistols like Glocks can be a great way to build control and accuracy. Learn more about Glock Pistol Training here.

Legal Status & Ownership Considerations

Gun Laws in the U.S. & Other Countries

In the United States, owning a Thompson Machine Pistol is legal but requires a special license. It falls under Class III firearms, which means you need a tax stamp and must pass a background check through the ATF. Other countries have different rules, with some banning automatic weapons altogether.

License & Permits Required

To own a Thompson Machine Pistol legally, you must get the correct license and permits. This process includes passing background checks and submitting fingerprints. It also requires paying taxes and following federal and local gun laws.

Current Market Value

Because of its collectible status, the price of a Thompson Machine Pistol can range from a few thousand dollars to over $20,000 depending on its condition and rarity. It’s a prized item in gun auctions and the collector’s market.

Final Thoughts

The Thompson Machine Pistol is still a symbol of American history and innovation in firearms. Even though newer weapons have replaced it in military use, its legacy, design, and role in Prohibition-era crime keep it alive in the minds of collectors and enthusiasts. Whether you admire its power, history, or simply its iconic appearance, the Thompson Machine Pistol will always be remembered as a key part of firearm history.